西方餐桌礼仪英文(西方餐桌礼仪英文介绍)

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西方餐桌礼仪英语

　我在这里介绍西方的餐桌礼仪　英语版

西方餐桌礼仪(英语版)

TABLE MANNERS AT A DINNER PARTY:

People who go to a formal Western dinner party for the first time may be surprised by table manners in Western culture.

Knowing them will help you make a good impression.

Having good table manners means knowing,for example,how to use knives and forks,when to drink a toast and how to behave at the table.

Beside your napkin you will find a small bread roll and three glasses—one for white wine,one for the red wine,and one for water.

There are two pairs of knives and forks on the table,forks on the left and knives in the right of the plate.

When you see two spoons,the big one id for the suop and the samll one for the dessert.

The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a litte bit bigger than the ones beside them.

When you sit down at the table, you can take your napkin, unfold it and put it on your lap.

In Chinese you sometime get a hot,damp cloth to clean your face and face and hands,whinch,however,is nat the custom in Western countries.

Dinner start with a small dish, which is often called a starter.

Sime people pray before they start eating , and other people may keep silent for a moment.

Then you can say"Enjoy your meal"to each other and everybody start eating.

For the starter,which you eat with the smaller pair,you keep the knife in your right hand and the fork in your left.

After the starter you will get a bowl of soup—but only one boel of soup and never ask for a seconf serving.

The next dish is the main course.

Many Westerners think the chicken breast with its tender white flesh is the best part of the bird.

Some people can use their fingers when they eating chicken or other birds,but never touch beef or other meat in bones.

It is polite to finish eating everthing on your plate,so don't take more food than you need.

At table ,you should try to speak quietly and smile a lot,but do not laugh all the time.

Most Westerners like soft drink if they will drive home.

Many of them drink white or red wine with the food.

When drinking to someone's health,you raise your glasses,but the glasses should not touch.

The custom of toasting in some parts of China is to finish the drink at once,but Westerners usually take only a sip.

For drinking during a dinner,the best advic is never to drink too much.

Table manners change over time.

They follow the fashion of the day .

Beside,table manners are only important at formal dinner parties.

If you're not sure what to do ,you can always follow your hosts.

Although good manners always make you look good,you do not need to worry about all these rules while having dinner with your friends or family.

Sit up straigh,keep your elbows off the table,and silence your cell phone.

Dishes are passed from left to right

Do try a little of everything on your plate

When a lady arrives or leaves the table,it‘s polite for all gentleman at the table of to stand up.

Always say“Please“and “Thankyou“.

Thank the host and hotess before leaving.

Every culture in the world is equal, with no one being dominant or recessive to another.

We should avoid using our own culture, morality and value to judge foreign culture.

We should treat foreign culture objectively and comprehendly.

内容提要

本文主要讲中西方餐桌礼仪的不同点和相同点.

在当今社会,随着中西方跨文化交流的平凡以及中西方礼仪的影响加深,导致双方餐桌礼仪方面的差异产生.

本文着重于比较中西方在餐桌礼仪.

例如,就餐是人们不同的入座方式,不同的`饮食概念以及不同的餐具等等.

此外还会指出不同国家中的一些用餐禁忌来帮助人们更好的理解餐桌礼仪。通过此法,我们可以更加了解西方国家的文化背景,并且建立起良好的关系.

关键词:餐桌礼仪;文化背景;餐桌文化

Abstract

This paper mainly focuses on the differences of table manners of China and Western countries.

In our modern society, the cross-culture communication between China and Western countries becomes a hot issue and the influences of Chinese and Western etiquette are increasingly profound, which causes the differences in table manners.

In this paper, we attach more importance to the different table manners of China and Western countries, such as, the different ways people sit for a meal, different dining concepts and different table wares and so on.

Meanwhile, it helps us understand the situation.

In this way, we can know well the western countries’ cultural background, and can set up a harmonious relationship with the westerns.

Key words: table manners; cultural background; table culture

Contents

Introduction

With the development of global economy, cross-culture communication has become more and more frequent, and the differences between Chinese and western culture have become more obvious, especially the differences of table manners.

Having dinner is more than the basic necessity of life.

Instead, having dinner is an important part of social formulae.

“John Loke, a famous British philosopher once said, the purpose of playing a ceremonial role is to change the original stubborn to gentle, so that people’s temper can become more moderate and let people learn to respect for others and get along with each others.

” (Duan, Chen, 2008) There is no doubt that sometimes some strangers become acquaintances, those acquaintances get a better understanding of the other even to the germination of love.

Because table manner is so fantastic that it does us a favor on acquiring more information, opening up eyesight and expanding the circle of communication.

It is obvious that table manners are quite important in people’s everyday life.

There are numberless differences between Chinese and western food cultures, and those differences cause the differences of table manners.

China is one of the four earliest civilizations in the world.

Chinese nation is the only inheritance millennium civilization.

Western society went through the darkness of Middle Ages and then came to Renaissance, gave birth to capitalism and modern civilization.

Today, with the economic globalization, international commercial activities have become more and more frequently and cross-culture communication has come into every nation’s daily life.

西方餐桌礼仪英文(西方餐桌礼仪英文介绍)

中西方餐桌礼仪的英文文献名称是什么

manners。中西方餐桌礼仪是有英文文献的，名称是manners。餐桌礼仪就是指在吃饭用餐时在餐桌上的礼仪常识，餐饮礼仪问题可谓源远流长。

西方餐桌礼仪规矩（英文）》2条

分类: 生活/时尚礼节礼仪

解析:

Table Manners

The main difference beeen Chinese and W estern eating habits is that unlike the West, where everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes are placed on the table and everybody shares. If you are being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food. Chinese are very proud of their culture of food and will do their best to give you a taste of many different types of cuisine. Among friends, they will just order enough for the people there. If they are taking somebody out for dinner and the relationship is polite to semi-polite, then they will usually order one more dish than the number of guests (e.g.four people, five dishes). If it is a business dinner or a very formal occasion, there is likely to be a huge amount of food that will be impopssible to finish.

A typical meal starts with garlic. These are followed by the main courses, hot meat and vegetable dishes. Finally a soup is brought out, which is followed by the starchy "staple"food, which is usually rice or noodles or sometimes dumplings. Many Chinese eat rice (or noodles or whatever) last, but if you like to have your rice together with other dishes, you should say so early on.

One thing to be aware of is that when eating with a Chinese host, you may find that the person is using their chopsticks to put food in your bowl or plate. This is a sign of politeness. The appropriate thing to do would be to eat the whatever-it-is and say how yummy it is. If you feel unfortable with this, you can just say a polite thank you and leave the food there, and maybe cover it up with a little rice when they are not looking. There is a certain amount of leniency involved when dealing with Westerners. So you won't be chastised.

Eating No-no's

Traditionally speaking, there are many taboos at Chinese tables, but these days not many people pay attention to them. However, there are a few things to keep in mind, especially if you are a guest at a private home.

1) Don't stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. Instead,lay them on your dish. The reason for this is that when somebody dies, the shrine to them contains a bowl of sand or rice with o sticks of incense stuck upright in it. So if you stick your chopsticks in the rice bowl, it looks like this shrine and is equivalent to wishing death upon a person at the table!

2) Make sure the spout of the teapot is not facing anyone. It is impolite to set the teapot down where the spout is facing towards somebody. The spout should always be directed to where nobody is sitting,usually just ouard from the table.

3) Don't tap on your bowl with your chopsticks. Beggars tap on their bowls, so this is not polite. Also, in a restaurant, if the food is ing too slow people will tap their bowls. If you are in someone's home, it is like insulting the cook.

Eat Local

You can get expensive, delicious meals in any of the large hotels, but if you are looking for atmosphere, you have to go to a local joint. Not only is it cheaper, but you can get a good look at the locals and what normal people are like. And what the food lacks in presentation is made up for in the taste. Some restaurants have English menus, but don't count on it. A good way to choose dishes is to look at what othes are eating and point at it for the waitress. The other option is to play "Myatery Dinner," where players randomly point at items in the menu and wait for the surprise dishes to e. Whoever orders the braised dog heart with scallions in shark vomit sauce wins! If you bring your Guide with you, however, you can use the food guide in the back of the book to choose some safe and delicious fare.

Also, be sure to sample the local brew, Yanjing Beer.

Drining

Gan Bei!(cheers!)

Alcohol is a big part of eating in Beijing. Especially when dining with Chinese hosts, you can expect the beer to flow freely and many beis to be gan-ed.(Gan Bei literally means "dry the glass")Besides beer, the official Chinese alcoholic beverage is bai jiu, high-proof Chinese liquor made from assorted grains. There are varying degrees of bai jiu, and some are quite good. The Beijing favorite is called Er Guo Tou, which is a whopping 56% alcohol. More expensive and less formidable are Maotai and Wuliangye, which go for about 300-400 yuan per bottle. In parison, Er Guo Tou costs a modest 4or 5 yuan per ping(bottle). If you are not a drinker, or don't feel up to the challenge, just say "wo bu hui he jiu"(I don't drink). It is generally acceptable to use Coke or tea as an alcohol substitute.

中西方餐桌礼仪及英文表达

The Differences Between Chinese and Western Table Manners/etiquette

Comparison of Chinese and western Table Manners/etiquette

table manners

UK [ˈteɪbl mænəz]

US [ˈteɪbl mænərz]

餐桌规矩；进餐礼节

table etiquette

UK [ˈteɪbl ˈetɪkət]

US [ˈteɪbl ˈetɪkət]

餐桌礼仪

manners是常使用复数形式，指非常普通的、连孩子都应掌握的基本的礼仪规范；etiquette则更为讲究，要比manners复杂，常随着形势的变化而改变。

Etiquette (来自法语)and manners are synonyms, but do have slightly different meanings.

Etiquette is a code of polite conduct based on social acceptance and efficiency. Simply, it means to follow rules for efficiently or politeness. Sometimes, rules of etiquette are archaic (old-fashioned) and don't make sense nowadays.

For example, it is good etiquette to sit with your back straight.

It is good etiquette to not chew loudly when at the dinner table.

It is good etiquette to dress neatly for a formal occasion.

Etiquette may change in different cultures. For example, it could be good etiquette to chew loudly when eating your food (this is just an example, haha).

Manners are polite behaviors that reflect an attitude of consideration, kindness and respect for others.

For example, saying "please" and "thank you" are good manners. Saying "excuse me" if you need to get someone's attention instead of shouting rudely is good manners. Not interrupting someone while they are talking is good manners.

Good manners are usually universal and don't change in different cultures.

Of course, the main difference on the Chinese dinner table is chopsticks instead of knife and fork, but that's only superficial. Besides, in decent restaurants, you can always ask for a pair of knife and fork, if you find the chopsticks not helpful enough.

tableware

UK [ˈteɪblweə(r)]

US [ˈteɪblwer]

(商店用语)餐具

chopsticks

UK [ˈtʃɒpstɪks]

US [ˈtʃɑpˌstɪks]

筷子

chopstick的复数

The real difference is that in the West, you have your own plate of food, while in China the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares ,Perhaps it’s one of the things that surprises a Western visitor most is that some of the Chinese hosts like to put food onto the plates of their guests. In formal dinners, there are always "public" chopsticks and spoons for this purpose, but some hosts may use their own chopsticks. This is a sign of genuine friendship and politeness. It is always polite to eat the food. If you do not eat it, just leave the food in the plate.

People in China tend to over-order food, for they will find it embarrassing if all the food is consumed. When you have had enough, just say so. Or you will always overeat!

Chinese table manners of families have no intrinsic quality even there are different region and position. No matter three meals a day or guest's arrival, always bowls with chopsticks, food with soup. There is no rule for how to put the tableware. What people care about more are not the gorgeous tableware but the sumptuous food. People's dining position reflects the most obvious etiquette of Chinese table manners. In ancient society, men are supreme, and women are not allowed to sit with men on the same table. Although this is modern society, this kind of ancient etiquette still remains. Today in China, the phenomenon that men sit on the table before women can be found everywhere. The master of a family usually sits on the first-class seat. The first-class seat is usually near the interior of a room facing to the door. Once there is a guest, the master will offer the first-class seat to the guest politely. If it is an ordinary meal of family, families should start after the elder. If there is a guest, the master offer the food to the guest is essential from the beginning to the end. And the tradition of urging others to drink is also a special phenomenon.

Here are some characteristics on Chinese eating:

People in China tend to over-order food, for they will find it embarrassing if all the food is consumed. When you have had enough, just say so. Or you will always overeat!

Here are some characteristics on Chinese eating:

Can I take your order now?

Will you have some soup before the meat course?

吃荤菜前先来点汤好吗？

关于宴会知多少？

banquet

UK [ˈbæŋkwɪt]

US [ˈbæŋkwɪt]

宴会；盛宴；筵席

CET6 · 考研 · TEM8 · GRE · TOEIC

复数：banquets

The state banquet国宴

SITTING

In China, any banquet, only will have one form, will be everybody sits in a circle all round. The banquet must use the round table, this formally has created （营造）one kind of unity, politeness, altogether the interest atmosphere. The delicacy delicacies place（摆放） a table of person's center, it is not only the object which table of people appreciate, taste, is also a table of person sentiment exchange intermedium.

Westerners treat with a long table, men and women sit in the owner at both ends,（男女主人坐在两头） and then the guest of honor men and women in the press and the general order of the guests seating arrangements.

关键词：

a circle

UK [ə ˈsɜːkl]

US [ə ˈsɜːrkl]

一周；一圈

all around

UK [ˌɔːl əˈraʊnd]

US [ˌɔːl əˈraʊnd]

各方面,四周

the round table

UK [ðə raʊnd ˈteɪbl]

US [ðə raʊnd ˈteɪbl]

圆桌

round-table conference

UK [raʊnd ˈteɪbl ˈkɒnfərəns]

US [raʊnd ˈteɪbl ˈkɑːnfərəns]

圆桌会议；举行圆桌会议

圆桌会议指围绕圆桌举行的会议，圆桌并没有主席位置，亦没有随从位置，人人平等。此概念源自英国传说里的亚瑟王与其圆桌骑士在卡默洛特时代的习俗。

圆桌会议是指一种平等、对话的协商会议形式。是一个与会者围圆桌而坐的会议。在举行国际或国内政治谈判时，为避免席次争执、表示参加各方地位平等起见，参加各方围圆桌而坐，或用方桌但仍摆成圆形。直到今天“圆桌会议”已成为平等交流、意见开放的代名词，也是国家之间以及国家内部，一种重要的协商和讨论形式。

a long table

the guests of honor贵宾

The order of dishes in the West(bread eater)

Dinner start with a small dish, which is often called an a starter. After the starter you will get a bowl of soup. The next dish is the main course, it usually is a beefsteak . A vegetable salad will be served. Then a delicious dessert will appear at the table . At last is a cup of tea or coffee.

Starter（英式）

UK [ˈstɑːtə(r)]

US [ˈstɑːrtər]

(主菜之前的)开胃小吃，开胃品；参赛人；参赛的马(或汽车等)；(赛跑等的)发令员

TEM8 Vocabulary

复数：starters

Appetizer(北美)

UK [ˈæpɪtaɪzə(r)]

US [ˈæpɪtaɪzər]

(餐前的)开胃品，开胃饮料

GRE · TOEIC

复数：appetizers

The main course 主菜

The order of dishes in China （rice eater）

The meal usually begins with a set of at least four cold dishes, to be followed by the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes. Soup then will be served to be followed by staple food ranging from rice, noodles to dumplings. If you wish to have your rice to go with other dishes, you should say so in good time, for most of the Chinese choose to have the staple food at last or have none of them at all.

中文：渴汤不等于英文drink soup 而是 eat soup.

This is my spoon. I like to eat soup.

这是我的勺子，我喜欢喝汤。

I eat soup with a large spoon.

我用大勺子喝汤。

Manners in the West

1) As soon as the hostess picks up her napkin, pick yours up and lay it on your lap. Sometimes a roll of bread is wrapped in it; if so, take it out and put it on your side plate.

2) The Soup Course

Dinner usually begins with soup. The largest spoon at your place is the soup spoon. lt will be beside your plate at the right-hand side.

3) The Fish Course

If there is a fish course, it will probably follow the soup. There may be a special fork for the fish, or it may be similar to the meat fork. Often it is smaller.

4) The Meat Course

The main Course is usually served by the host himself, especially if it is a fowl or a roast which need to be carved. He will often ask each guest what piece he prefers, and it is quite proper to state your preference as to lean or fat, dark (红肉 )or light (白肉) 。

5) Helping Yourself and Refusing

If a servant passes food around, he will pass the dish in at your left hand so that you can conveniently serve yourself with your right hand. Never serve yourself while the dish is on your right; it is then the turn of your neighbor on the right. It is polite to take some of everything that is passed to you. But if there is something you may not like, you may quietly say: No thank you。

6) Various rules and Suggestions

Sit up straight on your chair;

Do not put much food in your mouth at a time; Drink only when there is no food in your mouth; Try not to get into your mouth anything that will have to be taken out; Do not make any noise when you eat; Do not clean your teeth at the table or anywhere in public, either with your finger or a tooth pick/dental floss , not even with you tongue.

Receiving guests

中文：渴汤不等于英文drink soup 而是 eat soup.

This is my spoon. I like to eat soup.

这是我的勺子，我喜欢喝汤。

I eat soup with a large spoon.

我用大勺子喝汤。

Manners in the West

1) As soon as the hostess picks up her napkin, pick yours up and lay it on your lap. Sometimes a roll of bread is wrapped in it; if so, take it out and put it on your side plate.

2) The Soup Course

Dinner usually begins with soup. The largest spoon at your place is the soup spoon. lt will be beside your plate at the right-hand side.

3) The Fish Course

If there is a fish course, it will probably follow the soup. There may be a special fork for the fish, or it may be similar to the meat fork. Often it is smaller.

4) The Meat Course

5) Helping Yourself and Refusing

6) Various rules and Suggestions

Sit up straight on your chair;

Receiving guests

When a guest receives an invitation to someone's home, it is common but not necessary for the guest to ask, "Could I bring anything?" If the host declines, the guest should not insist, as this insinuates that the host is unable to provide adequate hospitality, especially for more formal situations . such as dinner parties. Hosts accepting such offers should be clear, but not demanding; if one does not think the guest will be able to provide the correct item, politely decline the offers. It is polite to announce your presence when arriving at an informal occasion, such as a backyard barbecue, or if dropping by unexpectedly, although the latter is a faux pas unless the host has previously indicated that such visits are welcome.

Guests wishing to give flowers should consider sending them earlier in the day or the day before a dinner party rather than bring them just as the hostess is busy with last minute dinner preparations. A host might keep a vase handy if he or she suspects that flowers, wile brought by guests.

A guest may offer to help a host, and it is more appropriate in more familiar situations. The host should turn down help offered by people he is less familiar with. Judith Martin

states: "A good guest offers to help but does not insist if the offer is firmly refused ". A good host never requests help and offers mild resistance if it is wanted, but firm resistance if it is not.

General standards

These etiquette topics are relevant in both the United States and Canada and pertain no basic interactions in society. It is a understood that these are general rules to which in certain contexts and depending on the expectations of the parties involved,

there may be exceptions.

Manners in China

1)Spitting Out the Bones

In China it is common practice to spit things out on the table or the floor. Often food has small pieces of bone or other inedible parts that need to be removed from the mouth. Using chopsticks, a hand or a tissue is a polite way around the problem.

2)Touching Tables

Though in the West it is sometimes considered rude to put one's elbows on the dining table, this is quite acceptable in China, particularly when eating noodles.

3)Noise and Smoking

Eating noisily is allowed in China. Slurping, smacking the lips and leaving the mouth open when eating can be viewed as demonstrating enjoyment of the food and a friendly atmosphere in China.

Smoking is also permitted in most Chinese restaurants. A way round this, in larger restaurants, is to request a side room you’re your meal, which will have its own door to insulate you from the noise and smoke.

4)Dessert

Eating something sweet for dessert is not a Chinese custom. Sweet things can be found hidden among everything else on a Chinese menu. Fruit salads and caramel covered apple are Chinese sweet dishes that are popular with Westerners.

5)Drinking

Beer is very popular in China. The other popular alcoholic drink is rice wine. Beware, this can be very strong .In China, drinking alcohol is still mainly a male custom. Male guests are routinely offered alcohol and, cigarettes at meal times. Just politely refuse if you don't want them. An empty glass is always refilled, no matter about protests is that the guest has had enough, as a mark of politeness or good will often a refusal has to be given three times.